主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
一、It's important…類
這一類型主要包括It is (was) important (necessary, desirable, imperative, advisable)that. . .句型。如：
It is impossible that he should go home. 他不可能會(huì)回家去。
It is necessary that I should return it right now. 我有必要馬上把它還回去。
It is important that we should speah politely. 我們說(shuō)話要有禮貌，這是很重要的。
It is not necessary that everyone be a scientist. 沒(méi)有必要使每一個(gè)人都成為科學(xué)家。
It is imperative that we should practise critidsm and self-criticism. 應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)行批評(píng)與自我批評(píng)。
二、It's a pity…類
It is a pity that she should fare so badly. 她竟吃得這么差，真可憐。
It's a pity that he should be so obstinate. 真遺憾他竟這樣倔犟。
It was a pity that you couldn't come. 你不能來(lái)，真是太遺憾了。
It is a pity that she failed the driving examination. 她沒(méi)通過(guò)駕駛考試真是遺憾。
It is his desire that a medical man should stay here. 他希望有一個(gè)醫(yī)務(wù)人員留在這里。
三、It's desired…類
這種主語(yǔ)從句還常用在It is (was) desired (suggested, settled, proposed, requested, decided, etc. ) that...句型。如：
It is requested that a vote be taken. 建議付諸表決。
It is settled that you leave us, then? 那么你肯定要離開(kāi)我們羅?
It was proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting. 有人提議這事下次會(huì)議再討論。
It is desired that this rule should be brought to the attention of the staff. 希望這條規(guī)則引起全體職員的注意。
【特別說(shuō)明】
(1) 在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)也可不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣而用陳述語(yǔ)氣，但初學(xué)者宜慎用。
(2) 在It is amazing (strange, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame)以及 I am surprised (sorry) 和I regret等結(jié)構(gòu)后的that 從句中有時(shí)也用should，表示說(shuō)話人的驚異、懊悔、失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意：
It's strange that he should be so rude. 他竟如此無(wú)禮，真是奇怪。
I'm surprised that he should have failed. 他竟然失敗了，這使我很吃驚。
若不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣也可以，則不帶感情 色彩，比較：
It's a pity that he failed the exam. 他考試沒(méi)及格，真是遺憾。
It's a pity that he should have failed the exam. 他考試竟沒(méi)及格，真是遺憾。