陳述句和一般疑問(wèn)句
1. 動(dòng)詞be的疑問(wèn)式:動(dòng)詞be根據(jù)不同的時(shí)態(tài)和人稱可以有am, is, are, was, were等不同形式,可用作連系動(dòng)詞(表示“是”、“在”等)和助動(dòng)詞(用于構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等),但不管何種情況,構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式時(shí),一律將動(dòng)詞be的適當(dāng)形式置于句首:
He was late for school. → Was he late for school? 他上學(xué)遲到了嗎?
2. 動(dòng)詞have的疑問(wèn)式:動(dòng)詞have根據(jù)不同的時(shí)態(tài)和人稱可以有have, has, had等形式,可以用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞,分以下情況討論:
① 用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞表示狀態(tài),如表示擁有、患病或用于have to表示“必須”等,在構(gòu)成構(gòu)成式時(shí)可以直接將have, has, had置于句首,也可根據(jù)情況在句首使用do, does, did:
He has anything to say. → Does he have [Has he] anything to say?
② 用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作,如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drink)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度過(guò)(=spend)”等,構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式時(shí)不能將have提前至句首,而應(yīng)在句首使用do, does, did:
He has breakfast at home. → Does he have breakfast at home?
③ 用作助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài),其疑問(wèn)式總是將have等置于句首:
He left when you arrive.→ Has he left when you arrived?
3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)式:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)式通常是將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞置于句首:
She can speak English.→ Can she speak English?
4. 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)式:一般實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的疑問(wèn)式,通常應(yīng)根據(jù)不同時(shí)態(tài)和人稱在句首加助動(dòng)詞do, does, did等:
The boy likes dancing.→ Does the boy like dancing?