副詞在句中的位置特點(diǎn)講解
1. 表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的副詞一般放在句尾,并且,地點(diǎn)在前時(shí)間在后,地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的內(nèi)部,又按從小到大的順序排列。強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),它們也可放在句首。如:
Will you be free tomorrow? 你明天有空嗎?
He lives at 75 Xiangchun Road, Changsha. 他住在長(zhǎng)沙市湘春路75號(hào)。
2. 頻度副詞一般放在行為動(dòng)詞之前,助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞be之后。如:
He sometimes goes there on business. 他有時(shí)到那里出差。
He has never been late. 他從未遲到過(guò)。
I was never very good at maths. 我的數(shù)學(xué)從來(lái)不好。
注:若為了強(qiáng)調(diào),有時(shí)可鈄頻度副詞放在句首,但值得注意的是,當(dāng)never, seldom 等含有否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí),句子須部分倒裝。如:
Never have I read such a book. 我從未讀過(guò)那樣的書(shū)。
3. 程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞之前,助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞be之后。如:
The film was quite good. 那影片相當(dāng)好。
The lecture was fairly good. 報(bào)告相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)。
It’s a rather sad story. 這是一個(gè)相當(dāng)凄慘的故事。
注:修飾動(dòng)詞的程度副詞則通常放在動(dòng)詞(及其賓語(yǔ))之后,有時(shí)也放在動(dòng)詞之前。如:
I don’t like coffee very much. = I don’t very much like coffee. 我不太喜歡喝咖啡。
另外,enough修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí),永遠(yuǎn)置于其后后。如:
Will you be kind enough to shut the door? 可否勞駕把門(mén)關(guān)上?
It’s clear enough what he meant. 他是什么意思很清楚。
4. 修飾動(dòng)詞的方式副詞一般放在動(dòng)詞(及其賓語(yǔ))之后,有時(shí)也放在動(dòng)詞之前。如:
We must learn to speak English fluently and correctly. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)講流利正確的英語(yǔ)。
They warmly welcomed me at their offices. 他們?cè)谵k公室熱烈歡迎了我。
5. 由動(dòng)詞與副詞一起所構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞帶賓語(yǔ)時(shí),若賓語(yǔ)是名詞,則副詞放在名詞的前后都行;若賓語(yǔ)是代詞,副詞只能放在代詞之后。如:
I need a few days to think over your proposal. = I need a few days to think over your proposal. 我需要幾天時(shí)間來(lái)考慮你的建議。
I need a few days to think it over. 我需要幾天時(shí)間來(lái)考慮它。(不能說(shuō) think over it)
6. 地點(diǎn)副詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí),須放在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。如:
The people there are very friendly. 那兒的人很友好。
7. 修飾句子的副詞一般放在句首。如:
Frankly, I am not satisfied with it. 坦白說(shuō),我對(duì)此不滿意。
Luckily it was not so hot. 幸好那天不太熱。
Seriously I wish to work here. 說(shuō)正經(jīng)的,我愿意在這里工作。
8. 疑問(wèn)副詞常放在句首構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。如:
How did you enjoy your Christmas? 圣誕節(jié)過(guò)得如何?
Why haven’t you been to see me all this time? 你為什么一直沒(méi)來(lái)看我?
9. 關(guān)系副詞和連接副詞一般放在從句的開(kāi)頭。如:
I asked how he was getting on. 我問(wèn)他情況怎樣。(連接副詞引起賓語(yǔ)從句)
These are the reasons why we do it. 這些就是我們這樣做的理由。(關(guān)系副詞引起定語(yǔ)從句)
10. 方式副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞等用在一起時(shí),通常是方式副詞在前,地點(diǎn)副詞在中間,時(shí)間副詞在最后。如:
The boy read quietly over there all afternoon. 這男孩整個(gè)下午都在那兒靜靜地看書(shū)。
注:對(duì)于run / go / drive / move / walk / head / leave 等表示位置移動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞,修飾它們的多個(gè)副詞通常按“地點(diǎn)副詞 + 方式副詞 + 時(shí)間副詞”的規(guī)律排列。如:
He went there happily yesterday. 他昨天高興地去了那兒。