fract,frag(fra,fring) = to break(打破)
來自拉丁語的fract,frag意為to break,變形為fra,fring。同義詞根有來自拉丁語的rupt。
(*拉丁文 frangere(=to break),過去分詞是fractus——英文字根字典)
1.suffrage(源自于從前投票都是利用陶器的碎片。破壞到底suf<sub(=under) + frag (=break,loud applause))
n.投票權(quán),選舉權(quán);投票;贊成票
suffragette n.主張婦女參政權(quán)的女子
Suffrage is constitutionally guaranteed to all non-crimial adults. 憲法保障所有不違法的成年人都有選舉權(quán)。
2.infraction(闖入里面in(=in,into,against) + fract(=break))
n.違反,違背
I already have two traffic infractions on my record this year.今年我已經(jīng)有兩次違反變規(guī)的記錄了。
3.refractory(繼續(xù)破碎或粉碎的 re(=again) + fract(=break))
adj.不聽話的,難以駕馭的,執(zhí)拗的;(疾病等)難以治愈的,痼疾的;難熔的;難以處理的
Four of the refractory children have been placed in foster homes.那些難管教的孩子中有四個(gè)被送到領(lǐng)養(yǎng)家庭了。
4.fractious(折斷的fract(=break))
adj.易怒的,暴躁的;難以對(duì)待的,難駕馭的
Italian politics are famously fractious—It's almost a national joke.意大利改治是出了名的難以駕馭——這差不多快成了國(guó)家的笑話了。
5.refract
v.使(光線)折射 *re(=back)
refraction n.折射
Light is refracted when it passes through a prism.光在通過棱鏡時(shí)會(huì)折射。
6.fraction
n.小部分;一點(diǎn),少量;[數(shù)]分?jǐn)?shù)
fractional adj.小的,沒有多少的;分?jǐn)?shù)的
fractional distillation [分]分餾
7.fracture
n.破碎,破裂;骨折 v.使破裂;使骨折
compound/simple fractures 有創(chuàng)/單純性骨折;bones that fracture easily 易碎的骨頭
8.fragment n.碎片;片斷 v.(使)成碎片
put the fragments of a broken vase together 把破碎的花瓶片拼在一起
overhear fragments of conversation 無意中聽到談話的只言片語
The shell fragments on impact.貝殼會(huì)被擊碎
9.fragmentary
adj.碎片的;斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的;不完整的
fragmentary report of an event對(duì)事件不完整的報(bào)道
10.fragmentation
n.分裂;破碎
fragmentation bomb/grenade 破裂彈/殺傷手榴彈
11.fragile
adj.易碎的,易折斷的;(體質(zhì))虛弱的
fragility n.脆弱;虛弱
fragile china /health/happiness 易碎的瓷器/虛弱的體質(zhì)/易逝的幸福
12.infringe
v.觸犯(法規(guī)),違反;侵害,侵犯權(quán)利 *in(=against,in)
infringement n.違反侵害
infringe a rule / an oath/ copyright/a patent 違反規(guī)則/違背誓言/侵犯版權(quán)/侵犯專利權(quán)
infringe upon the rights of other people 侵犯他人權(quán)利
13.frail
adj.易碎的;(體質(zhì))虛弱的;(意志)薄弱的
fail child /support虛弱的孩子/不結(jié)實(shí)的柱子
frail happiness易逝的幸福
14.failty
n.軟弱,脆弱,薄弱;(pl.)缺點(diǎn),瑕疵
the frailty of human life 人生命脆弱
He loved her in spite of her little frailties.他愛她,即使她有小小的缺點(diǎn)。
Frailty,thy name is woman.軟弱啊,你的名字叫女人。
15.refrain(請(qǐng)注意:這個(gè)單詞作動(dòng)詞和名詞時(shí)都是出自同一語源,但是語義不同,作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“拉回馬的韁繩”之意。)
v.節(jié)制,忍耐 n.副歌 *re(=back)
Please refrain from spitting in public places.請(qǐng)不要在公共場(chǎng)所吐痰。
will you all join in singing the refrain please?大家一起唱那段副歌吧。
16.diffract
v.分散;使(光線、音波等的)繞射(使射開)《dif- = dis- =apart》
diffraction n.(光線、音波等的)繞射