漢： -logy是最常用的術(shù)語(yǔ)后綴之一。正如多數(shù)術(shù)語(yǔ)詞綴一樣，它來(lái)源于古希臘語(yǔ)。作為原生后綴，-logy主要加在希臘名詞詞根（或希臘術(shù)語(yǔ)前綴）后面。有時(shí)它需要依靠連接字母-o-幫助構(gòu)詞。-logy的主要意思是the doctrine,study or science of ～（...論，...學(xué)，...科）。有時(shí)表示它在希臘文中的原意the speech or discussion of ～(...的言語(yǔ)）。順便指出，與-logy相對(duì)應(yīng)的表示“...學(xué)的”與“...者”的后綴分別是-logical與-logist。-logy 是現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中也是被用作派生后綴，加在名詞上，構(gòu)成科學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)。此外，注意log意為“speech”

英：word-forming element indicating "branch of knowledge, science," now the usual form of -logy. Originally used c.1800 in nonce formations (commonsensology, etc.), it gained legitimacy by influence of the proper formation in geology, mythology, etc., where the -o- is a stem vowel in the previous element.

1.anthropology
n.science of man 人類學(xué)；其中詞根anthrop=man
I believe he has started reading up anthropology.
我相信他已開(kāi)始攻讀人類學(xué)。

2.criminology
n.the study of crime 犯罪學(xué) crimin=crime
Detective Mason has a degree in criminology from the State University of New York.
梅森偵探擁有紐約州立大學(xué)的犯罪學(xué)學(xué)位。

3.ontology
n.department of metaphysics concerned with the nature of existence. 存在論ont=being

4.pathology
n. science of diseases病理學(xué)path=disease
Two blood samples were sent to the pathology lab.兩份血液樣本被送往了病理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

5.philology
n.study of the development of language,or of particular language;study of documentary records 語(yǔ)言學(xué)；文獻(xiàn)學(xué) ；phil=love愛(ài)

6.theology
n.formal study of the nature of God and of the foundations of religious belief 神學(xué) ；theo=God
In the Middle Ages, philosophy and theology were inextricable.
在中世紀(jì)，哲學(xué)與神學(xué)是不分的。

7.geology [geo- = earth 地球；-logy→]
n.地質(zhì)學(xué)
舉例：Geology deals with the earth' crust,the layers of which it is composed,and their history. 地質(zhì)學(xué)研究地殼，構(gòu)成地殼的地層及其歷史。

8.eulogy [eu- = good 好；-logy →]
n.頌詞，頌文
舉例：His vulgar eulogies annoyed everyone present. 他那庸俗的吹捧弄得在場(chǎng)的人都很不舒服。

4.tautology [tauto = the same 同樣；-logy →“對(duì)一件事說(shuō)同樣的幾句話”→]
n.同義反復(fù)的語(yǔ)??；贅述
舉例："The modern college students of today" is an example of tautology. “今日的現(xiàn)代大學(xué)生”是一個(gè)有同義反復(fù)語(yǔ)病的例子。