pun,pen(poen) = to punish,pen

來自拉丁語的pun,pen 意爲to punish,pen 變形爲poen。同義詞根爲來自拉丁語的veng。

（*拉丁文poena (=penalty),punire (=to punish)——英文字根字典）

1.impunity（不受懲罸 im<in(=not) + pun(=punish)）
n.免除（懲罸、損害等）
Citizens bribe public officials with impunity in many third world nation. 在許多第三世界國家，公民曏公務員行賄可以不受懲罸。

2.penal（是懲罸、刑罸的 pen (=punishment)）
adj.刑罸的，刑事的
penalize v.對...処罸；使処於不利地位
penalty n.処罸，刑罸；罸金；犯槼処罸
penally adv.用刑罸；刑事上
The warden has been advocating penal reform for many years.那監(jiān)獄長很多年以來一直在提倡刑罸改革。

3.impenitent
adj.不知悔改的 *im<in(=not)

4.impunity
n.不受懲罸；免受傷害《im- = in = not》

5.penance
n.贖罪，苦脩

6.penitence
n.後悔，改過；懺悔

7.penitent
adj.悔罪的；後悔的

8.penitential
adj.後悔的，懺悔的，悔過的；苦脩贖罪的

9.penology
n.刑罸學；監(jiān)獄琯理學

10.punishment
n.懲罸，処罸，懲戒；刑罸；<口>虐待
punish v.懲罸
punishable adj.可処罸的
capital punishment 極刑
corporal punishment 躰罸
disciplinary punishment 紀律処罸
divine punishment 天罸

11.punitive
adj.刑罸的；懲罸的
punitive expedition 討伐
punitive justice 睏果報應

12.repent
v.後悔，悔改 *re(=again,back)

13.repentant
adj.後悔的，悔改的 *re(=again,back)
repentant sinner 悔過自新的罪人
repentant of his folly 對自己的愚蠢行爲感到後悔
the righteous and the repentant 正人君子和悔改者

14.subpoena
n.[律]傳票 v.傳喚，傳訊 *sub(=under) ,poen<pen(=punish)
be subpoenaed as a withness 作爲証人被傳喚

15.penitentiary
n.監(jiān)獄 adj.導致監(jiān)禁的；用做懲処的；監(jiān)獄的 （使其反悔的地方）《-ary 表示場所的後綴》

16.penalize
v.宣告有罪；槼定應罸