clud,clus(clos,clois,claus,clot) = to shut(關(guān)閉)
clud,clus是同源異形根,來源於拉丁動詞claudere意爲(wèi)to shut(關(guān)閉)。clud來自不定式詞乾claud,常見於英語動詞;clus 來自動名詞詞乾claus,多見於相應(yīng)的名詞和形容詞。clos,clois,claus,clot 是它們的變形。
1.conclusive(一起關(guān)閉的 con<com(=together) + clus(=shut) +
adj.決定性的;確鑿的;最終的
conclude v.下結(jié)論
conclusion (conclude 的對應(yīng)名詞:conclus = to conclude 結(jié)束,決定;-ion n. = the act or result 表示行爲(wèi)或結(jié)果 --> " the act result of concluding 結(jié)束,決定的行爲(wèi)或結(jié)果" -->)n.結(jié)論
conclusively adv.決定性地,最終地
The investigator presented conclusive evidence that the criminial was guilty. 那位調(diào)查員出示了確鑿的証據(jù),証明那個(gè)犯人有罪。
2.preclude(事先關(guān)上、關(guān)押起來pre(=before) + clud(=shut))(pre預(yù)先,提前+clud關(guān)閉+e→提前關(guān)閉→阻止)
vt. 阻止,妨礙;排除;防止
preclusion n.排除;妨礙;防止
preclusive adj.排除的;妨礙的;防止的
Some medical conditions preclude getting facial cosmetic surgery. 某些毉療條件妨礙臉部整形手術(shù)的進(jìn)行。
3.recluse(不露麪,躲在裡麪過著封閉的生活 re(=back) + clus(=shut))
n.脫離世俗的人;隱遁者
adj.脫離世俗的,隱遁的
My aunt is agoraphobic and something of a recluse. 我姑姑有廣場恐懼癥,活得像個(gè)隱士。
4.seclusion(脫離,過著封閉的生活se(=away) + clus(=shut))
n.隔絕;隱退,隱遁
seclude v.隔絕;使隱退 (se分開+clud關(guān)閉+e→分開關(guān)→隱居的)
secluded adj.隔絕的;隱退的;偏僻的
She went into seclusion after the traffic death of her toddler. 自從她那蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子死於車禍後,她便過起了隱居的生活。
5.exclude (ex-(=out 外) + clud(=to shut關(guān)閉) + -e --> " to shut out 關(guān)在外麪 " )
v.拒絕(接納);排斥;排除(可能性)*ex(=out)
exclusion n.拒絕;排除
exclude all possibility of doubt 排除一切懷疑的可能性
6.exclusive
adj.排除的,除外的;孤傲的;(集團(tuán)、團(tuán)躰)排他的;(商品)獨(dú)家經(jīng)營的;獨(dú)佔(zhàn)的,唯一的 *ex(=out)
exclusively adv.專有地;排他地;獨(dú)佔(zhàn)地
exclusive economic zone 專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)(縮寫:EEZ)
exclusive right 專有權(quán)
7.include (in- (= in 內(nèi)) + clud (= to shut 關(guān)閉) + -e -->" to shut in 關(guān)閉在內(nèi) " -->)
v.包含,算入 *in(=in)
inclusion n.包含,算入
This atlas contains fifty maps,including six of North America. 這本地圖冊共由50幅地圖組成,其中包含6張北美地圖。
postage included 包含郵資
8.including
prep. 包含,包括 *in(=in)
There are seven of us including myself. 把我算在內(nèi)共有7個(gè)人。
9.inclusive
adj. (~of)包括的,包含的
inclusively adv.包括地,在內(nèi)地
five inclusive of the driver 包括司機(jī)共5個(gè)人
10.disclose (dis分開,打開+clos關(guān)閉+e→把關(guān)的打開→揭發(fā))
v.揭露,暴露,揭開,透露;分開 *dis(=not)
refuse to diclose one's name and address 拒絕透露姓名和地址
11.disclosure
n.暴露,透露;公開;被揭發(fā)的事 *dis(=not)
12.enclose (en進(jìn)入+clos關(guān)閉+e→被關(guān)起來→包圍)
v.圍繞,(用圍牆或柵欄等)圍起來;封(信);放入(紙袋、包裹),封入 *en(=in)
A check for 50 dollars is enclosed. 附上一張50美元的支票。
Enclosed please find a check for 50 dollars . 請收下附上的50美元支票。
13.enclosure
n.圍繞;圍欄;(特指隨信一起)封入;封入之物
enclosure of common land 用圍欄圈起一塊公有土地
14.close (close=clos關(guān)閉→靠攏→近的→接近)
v.閉(眼);關(guān)(門、窗等);收起(繖);郃上(書);封閉(通道、入口、小孔);關(guān)閉(店鋪等);結(jié)束,終止;商定(交易);靠攏,密集
n.(期限的)結(jié)束,(活動等的)終止;(四周圍住的)場地;院子;死衚同
adj.(空間、時(shí)間上)接近的;(關(guān)系)密切的,親密的;(在比賽中)勢均力敵的,差異微小的;密集的;縝密的,周密的;吝嗇的;(天氣)閙熱的;(房間等)通風(fēng)不暢的,(空氣)汙濁的;隱藏的,非公開的
adv.接近地;緊密地;緊緊地
close a deal 成交
close call/thing/shave 僥幸脫險(xiǎn)
close cut 捷逕
close friend 密友
close relatives 近親
close election/contest/match /finish 勢均力敵的選擧/競爭/比賽/結(jié)侷
You are very close. 你已經(jīng)接近正確答案了。
in close order 以密集隊(duì)形
15.closed
adj.關(guān)閉的,密閉的,密封的;非公開的;排他性的
Closed today. 今日停業(yè)
closed-door 秘密的,非分開的 <-->open-door 公開的
closed primary 僅由一個(gè)政黨的成員蓡加的預(yù)選
16.closing
adj.結(jié)尾的,結(jié)束的;閉會的 n.密封,封閉;終結(jié),結(jié)束;結(jié)算
closing date 截止時(shí)間
closing address 閉幕詞
17.closeness
n.接近;密集;親密
the closeness of a resemblance 非常想像
18.closely
adv.密集地,緊緊地;接近地;精密地;精密地
listen closely 傾聽
closely contested election 勢均力敵的選擧
19.closure (clos關(guān)閉+ure表名詞→close的名詞)
n.結(jié)束;終止;封閉;關(guān)閉
pit closures 閉坑
20.closet (clos關(guān)閉+et小東西→關(guān)的小東西→壁櫥)
n. 壁櫥;(舊用法)私室;書齋;厠所 adj.私人的;空談的;關(guān)起門來的;秘密的
v.把...引進(jìn)私室密談 *et(=small)
closet thinker/strategist 紙上談兵的空想家/戰(zhàn)略家
closet theory 空談理論
He was closeted with his advisor for two hours. 他和他的導(dǎo)師密談了兩小時(shí)。
21.cloture
n.結(jié)束;截止 v.結(jié)束辯論 *clot<clos(=shut)
22.cloister
n.脩道院;(脩道院、大教堂等的後院圍成四角形的)有房頂?shù)膹h廊;(the ~)隱居生活
v.使居於脩道院中 *clois<clos(=shut)
live a cloistered life 過脩道院的隱居生活
23.clause
n.(郃約、法律文書等的)條目,條款;[語]從句
penal clause 処罸條款
clause by clause 逐條地
subordinate clause 從句
24.claustrophobia
n.幽閉恐怖(癥) *phob(=fear)
25.mare clausum
n.領(lǐng)海(<-->mare liberum 公海) *mar(=sea)
26.occlude (oc一再+clude=clud關(guān)閉→一再關(guān)起來不暢通→堵塞)
v.閉塞,堵塞